On this page
- What happened, and when did MiCA come into force?
- Which crypto exchanges have a MiCA licence?
- What do the MiCA service classes mean?
- How do I verify a MiCA licence myself?
- Which big exchanges are not yet MiCA-licensed?
- Which crypto on-ramp providers have a MiCA licence?
- What does a MiCA licence actually cover?
- What does it cost to buy crypto on a MiCA-licensed exchange?
- What should users do now?
- FAQ
- Source register
Last checked: 10 November 2026 against the ESMA interim MiCA register. ESMA’s page marks the register as current to 5 November 2026.
The ESMA interim register lists 397 authorised crypto-asset service provider (CASP) records as of 5 November 2026, including more than 20 retail crypto exchanges and several on-ramp providers. The biggest names with a MiCA CASP licence are Kraken, Coinbase, OKX, Bybit, Bitpanda, Crypto.com, Bitstamp, KuCoin and Gemini, each authorised through a national regulator in one EU member state. Binance, MEXC and Bitget do not appear in the register, so they have no recorded MiCA authorisation on that date.
What happened, and when did MiCA come into force?
MiCA, formally Regulation (EU) 2023/1114, entered into force in June 2023 and started to apply on 30 December 2024, when ESMA also published its interim register of authorised CASPs. Member states were allowed an 18-month transitional period that ended on 1 July 2026. Exchanges with no MiCA authorisation by then had to stop onboarding new EU customers.
| Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|
| June 2023 | MiCA, Regulation (EU) 2023/1114, enters into force | ESMA |
| 30 December 2024 | MiCA starts to apply; ESMA publishes the interim CASP register; the 18-month transitional period begins | ESMA |
| 24 June 2026 | Binance withdraws the MiCA application it filed in Greece, saying it will reapply elsewhere | Yahoo Finance (Euronews) |
| 1 July 2026 | Transitional period ends; Binance suspends crypto services in France and notifies users in other EU markets | Yahoo Finance (Euronews) |
| 5 November 2026 | ESMA’s interim register is marked current to this date | ESMA |
Which crypto exchanges have a MiCA licence?
The table below is built from ESMA’s CASPS.csv register file, downloaded on 10 November 2026. It shows the retail crypto exchanges that hold a MiCA CASP authorisation, their legal entity, the national regulator that authorised them and the authorisation date recorded by ESMA. A MiCA licence is issued by one member state and can be passported across the whole EU and EEA.
| Exchange | Legal entity | Home authority | Authorised | Services |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| eToro | eToro (Europe) Ltd | Cyprus (CySEC) | 16 January 2025 | Custody, exchange, order execution, order transmission, advice, portfolio management, transfers |
| OKX | OKX Europe Limited | Malta (MFSA) | 27 January 2025 | Custody, trading platform, exchange, order execution, placing, order transmission, portfolio management, transfers |
| Crypto.com | Foris DAX MT Limited | Malta (MFSA) | 27 January 2025 | Custody, exchange, order execution, order transmission, transfers |
| Bitpanda | Bitpanda GmbH | Austria (FMA) | 9 April 2025 | Custody, exchange, order execution, placing, order transmission, transfers |
| Trade Republic | Trade Republic Bank GmbH | Germany (BaFin) | 28 April 2025 | Custody, order execution, order transmission, transfers |
| Bitstamp | Bitstamp Europe S.A. | Luxembourg (CSSF) | 15 May 2025 | Custody, trading platform, exchange, order execution, order transmission, transfers |
| Bybit | Bybit EU GmbH | Austria (FMA) | 28 May 2025 | Custody, exchange, placing, transfers |
| Robinhood | Robinhood Europe UAB | Lithuania (Bank of Lithuania) | 29 May 2025 | Custody, order execution, order transmission, transfers |
| Coinbase | Coinbase Luxembourg S.A. | Luxembourg (CSSF) | 20 June 2025 | Custody, exchange, order execution, placing, order transmission, transfers |
| Kraken | Payward Europe Solutions Limited | Ireland (Central Bank of Ireland) | 25 June 2025 | Custody, exchange, order execution, placing, order transmission, portfolio management, transfers |
| Bitvavo | Bitvavo B.V. | Netherlands (AFM) | 26 June 2025 | Custody, trading platform, transfers |
| Gemini | Gemini Intergalactic EU Ltd | Malta (MFSA) | 21 August 2025 | Custody, exchange, order execution, placing, order transmission, transfers |
| Bullish | Bullish Europe GmbH | Germany (BaFin) | 4 September 2025 | Custody, exchange, order execution, transfers |
| Gate.io | Gate Technology Limited | Malta (MFSA) | 29 September 2025 | Custody, trading platform, exchange, order execution, transfers |
| Revolut | Revolut Digital Assets (Europe) Ltd | Cyprus (CySEC) | 20 October 2025 | Custody, trading platform, exchange, placing, transfers |
| Blockchain.com | Blockchain.com Operations (Malta) Limited | Malta (MFSA) | 22 October 2025 | Custody, exchange, order execution, transfers |
| Bit2Me | Bitcoinforme S.L. | Spain (CNMV) | 31 October 2025 | Custody, exchange, order execution, placing, order transmission, transfers |
| KuCoin | KuCoin EU Exchange GmbH | Austria (FMA) | 27 November 2025 | Custody, exchange, placing, transfers |
| CoinJar | CoinJar Europe Limited | Ireland (Central Bank of Ireland) | 9 December 2025 | Custody, exchange, transfers |
| WhiteBIT | WB-Shields Innovations GmbH | Austria (FMA) | 18 June 2026 | Custody, exchange, placing, transfers |
| Strike | Zap (Strike) Europe Limited | Malta (MFSA) | 25 June 2026 | Custody, exchange, order execution, transfers |
| bitFlyer | bitFlyer EUROPE S.A. | Luxembourg (CSSF) | 26 June 2026 | Custody, exchange, order execution, transfers |
| BingX | MEGE zweite GmbH | Austria (FMA) | 13 October 2026 | Custody, exchange, transfers |
A few points worth noting. The register lists 397 CASP records in total; most are banks, brokers and custody firms rather than consumer exchanges. Some brands appear under more than one entity: Bitpanda holds both Bitpanda GmbH in Austria (9 April 2025) and BP23 CA Limited in Malta (27 January 2025), and Kraken uses two Irish entities, Payward Europe Solutions Limited and Payward Global Solutions Limited, both authorised on 25 June 2025. The legal entity matters because it is the one that must match the company named on your account. For detail on the biggest names, see our reviews of Coinbase, Kraken, Bitpanda and KuCoin.
Each exchange’s home authority is the regulator in the member state that granted the licence. Because a MiCA authorisation can be passported, that firm may then serve customers in any other EU or EEA state without a separate local licence, which is why a Luxembourg or Malta company can legally onboard users across the bloc. The services field is the more useful check than the brand name, since two similarly named firms can hold very different permissions.
What do the MiCA service classes mean?
Each register entry lists the specific services a firm is allowed to provide, coded from a to j under MiCA. Custody is class a, trading-platform operation is class b, and exchange of crypto for funds or other crypto is class c and d. An exchange may hold only some of these, so the services column shows what each entity is actually authorised to do.
- a: custody and administration of crypto-assets
- b: operation of a trading platform
- c: exchange of crypto-assets for funds
- d: exchange of crypto-assets for other crypto-assets
- e: execution of orders on behalf of clients
- f: placing of crypto-assets
- g: reception and transmission of orders
- h: advice on crypto-assets
- i: portfolio management on crypto-assets
- j: transfer services for crypto-assets
ESMA’s register marks most exchange records with the legal basis ‘Article 63 – CASP authorisation’. A licence granted in one member state is valid across the whole EU and EEA through passporting, so the home authority listed in the table is the supervisor of first resort, not the only authority a firm answers to.
A shorter list does not mean a firm is untrustworthy; it means the firm applied for, and was granted, those specific permissions. Bitvavo’s entry, for example, lists custody, trading-platform operation and transfers, while Coinbase’s Luxembourg entity also lists order execution and placing. The register records what was authorised, not what the firm may later have asked for.
How do I verify a MiCA licence myself?
You can check any exchange’s MiCA status in two places: ESMA’s public register of authorised CASPs and the national regulator’s own register in the member state that issued the licence. Matching the legal entity name is essential, because several firms share similar brand names and unlicensed copycats sometimes imitate a licensed brand.
- Open ESMA’s MiCA register page and download the CASPS.csv file.
- Search the file for the exchange’s brand name or legal entity name, not just a similar-sounding name.
- Confirm the legal entity matches the one named in your account agreement or on the platform’s legal page.
- Note the authorisation date and home member state shown in the record.
- Cross-check the same entity on the home regulator’s own register, for example the CSSF in Luxembourg, the FMA in Austria, the Central Bank of Ireland, BaFin in Germany or the CNMV in Spain.
- If an exchange claims a MiCA licence but does not appear in the register, ask it for its registration number and verify that number directly with the regulator.
The register reflects information supplied by the authorising authority. If an authorisation is withdrawn, ESMA keeps the record with the withdrawal’s effective date, so a historical entry is not proof that a firm is still licensed today.
Because the file is refreshed weekly and new authorisations appear continuously, a check done today can be out of date within weeks. Treat the register as a starting point, and confirm directly with the regulator before you rely on a licence for anything large.
Which big exchanges are not yet MiCA-licensed?
Several large global exchanges do not appear in the ESMA CASP register as of 5 November 2026: Binance, MEXC, Bitget, Bitfinex, HTX (formerly Huobi) and Upbit. Absence means ESMA has recorded no MiCA CASP authorisation for them on that date. It is not by itself proof of wrongdoing, but it means EU customers using them are not protected by a MiCA licence.
Binance is the most prominent case. It applied for a MiCA licence in Greece, withdrew that application in late June 2026, and from 1 July 2026 suspended crypto services in France while notifying users in other EU markets, according to a Euronews report published via Yahoo Finance. Binance has said it intends to reapply through another member state, but as of the 5 November 2026 register update no Binance entity holds a recorded MiCA CASP authorisation. HTX, formerly Huobi, and MEXC are likewise absent from the register on that date, so treat any EU-facing claim of a MiCA licence from them with caution until a record appears in ESMA’s file.
MEXC, Bitget and Bitfinex also have no entry in the file, so treat any claim that they are EU-licensed with the same caution. The register does not show pending applications, so absence could mean an application is still under review rather than rejected; the only safe reading is that no authorisation is yet recorded.
Which crypto on-ramp providers have a MiCA licence?
On-ramp and payment providers, the services many exchanges and wallets use to convert euros or cards into crypto, also need a MiCA CASP licence. The register shows the main consumer-facing on-ramp brands below, each authorised by a national regulator in one member state.
| Provider | Legal entity | Home authority | Authorised |
|---|---|---|---|
| MoonPay | MoonPay Europe B.V. | Netherlands (AFM) | 30 December 2024 |
| Ramp Network | Ramp Swaps (Ireland) Limited | Ireland (Central Bank of Ireland) | 2 December 2025 |
| Simplex (Nuvei) | Nuvei Liquidity UAB | Lithuania (Bank of Lithuania) | 16 December 2025 |
| Coingate | UAB Decentralized | Lithuania (Bank of Lithuania) | 16 December 2025 |
| BitPay | BitPay B.V. | Netherlands (AFM) | 16 July 2026 |
These firms are not exchanges in the traditional sense, but they sit inside most buy flows, so their licence status matters if you are checking a purchase that routes through a third-party payment provider. Card-to-crypto purchases often show the payment provider, not the exchange, on the bank statement, so checking the provider’s licence answers a common ‘who actually processed my payment’ question.
What does a MiCA licence actually cover?
A MiCA CASP licence authorises specific crypto-asset services, from custody and exchange to trading-platform operation and transfers. Once granted by one member state, it can be passported across all EU and EEA states. It does not authorise a firm in the US, the UK or other non-EEA markets, and it is not a promise that an exchange is safe or that any coin will hold value.
MiCA’s stated objectives include market integrity, financial stability and clearer consumer understanding of the risks of crypto, according to ESMA. Authorised CASPs face transparency and disclosure rules and supervision by their home authority, a stronger regime than the bare anti-money-laundering registrations many exchanges previously held. A MiCA licence brings conduct, disclosure and safeguarding rules, including rules on how client assets must be held and how complaints are handled. Our guide to how MiCA regulation works explains the framework in more detail, and the best MiCA-licensed exchanges in Europe compares the leading licensed platforms. For choosing any exchange generally, start with our exchanges hub.
What does it cost to buy crypto on a MiCA-licensed exchange?
Fees are set by the exchange, not by MiCA, and vary widely between instant-buy services and spot order books. On the figures published by each firm, Kraken charges 1% for standard instant buys and 1.5% for custom orders, while Bitvavo starts its EUR spot market at 0.15% maker and 0.25% taker. Card funding adds a separate charge on top.
| Exchange | Instant or simple buy | Spot trading (maker / taker) | Card or wallet deposit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kraken | 1% (1.5% for custom orders) | Pro tiered fees, set out on Kraken’s Pro fee page | 3.75% plus EUR 0.25 on cards |
| Bitvavo | No separate instant-buy line; SEPA deposit is free | 0.15% / 0.25% on EUR pairs (starting tier) | 1% on card, Apple Pay, Google Pay or PayPal |
Worked example on an illustrative EUR 1,000 purchase funded by SEPA: Kraken’s 1% instant buy costs about EUR 10, while the same trade on Bitvavo’s EUR spot market at the starting taker rate costs about EUR 2.50. Fund that purchase by card instead and Kraken adds roughly EUR 37.75 (3.75% plus EUR 0.25), while Bitvavo adds about EUR 10 (1%). These are round, labelled examples, not live prices. Crypto assets are volatile and this is not financial advice.
What should users do now?
If you live in the EU or EEA, choose an exchange that appears in the ESMA register under the exact legal entity your account is opened with. Verify the licence yourself using the two-step check above, keep holdings you do not plan to trade in a hardware wallet, and remember that a MiCA licence protects how a firm is supervised, not the value of the crypto you hold.
- Confirm the exchange is in the register under the legal entity you signed up with, not just a similar brand name.
- Check the home member state and that your country is covered by passporting.
- Move assets you are not trading into a hardware wallet such as a Ledger Nano S.
- Watch for phishing: only enter seed or recovery details on the official app, and never share them with anyone.
- Date-stamp the check, because the register changes weekly and authorisations can be withdrawn.
The register is a snapshot, not a permanent seal. Re-check before you move a meaningful amount, especially if an exchange is newly listed or has recently changed its legal entity. If an exchange you already use disappears from the register or changes its legal entity, pause new deposits and confirm the new entity’s licence before transferring anything.
FAQ
What crypto exchanges are MiCA compliant?
As of the 10 November 2026 register check, the major retail exchanges with a MiCA CASP licence include Kraken, Coinbase, OKX, Bybit, Bitpanda, Crypto.com, Bitstamp, KuCoin, Gemini, Bitvavo, eToro and Revolut, each authorised by a national regulator in one EU member state. The authoritative list is ESMA’s CASPS.csv register, not any third-party ranking.
Is Binance MiCA-licensed?
No. Binance does not appear in the ESMA CASP register as of 5 November 2026. It withdrew a MiCA application it had filed in Greece and, from 1 July 2026, suspended crypto services in France and notified users in other EU markets, according to a Euronews report published via Yahoo Finance.
Is XRP MiCA approved?
No coin needs MiCA approval, so XRP is not MiCA approved in that sense. MiCA licenses service providers, not individual crypto-assets. Separately, Ripple’s payments entity, Ripple Payments Europe S.A., appears in the ESMA register with a Luxembourg CSSF authorisation dated 29 June 2026. See our Ripple explainer for background.
Does a MiCA licence cover the whole EU?
Yes. A CASP authorisation issued by one EU member state can be passported across all EU and EEA member states, so an exchange licensed in Malta or Luxembourg can serve customers across the bloc. The licence does not cover non-EEA markets such as the US or the UK.
Which crypto exchanges can US citizens use?
A MiCA licence governs EU activity only; it does not authorise serving US customers. US users are covered by US state money-transmitter licences and federal rules instead. Coinbase and Kraken, for example, serve US customers through separate US entities, while Binance does not serve US residents directly.
How do I check whether an exchange has a MiCA licence?
Open ESMA’s MiCA register page, download or view the CASPS.csv file, and search for the exchange’s legal entity name. Then confirm the same entity appears in the home regulator’s own register, such as the CSSF in Luxembourg, the FMA in Austria, the Central Bank of Ireland or BaFin in Germany.
Source register
- 01ESMA: Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA)esma.europa.eu
- 02ESMA: Interim MiCA register - CASPS.csvesma.europa.eu
- 03Kraken: Fee schedulekraken.com
- 04Kraken Support: Fee schedule (deposit fees)support.kraken.com
- 05Bitvavo: Feesbitvavo.com
- 06Yahoo Finance (Euronews): Binance to halt crypto services across EU countries after failing to secure MiCA approvalfinance.yahoo.com
- 07EUR-Lex: Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA)eur-lex.europa.eu
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